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Arctic Moss (Calliergon giganteum)
Overhead view of different-colored arctic moss growing together
Ed Reschke / Getty Images
Also referred to as giant spearmoss or giant calliergon moss, arctic moss is an aquatic plant that grows both on the bottom of tundra lakes and around bogs. Like other mosses, arctic moss has tiny rootlets instead of traditional roots, only they have found interesting ways to adapt to their exceptionally cold climate.
Arctic moss grows extremely slowly, as little as 0.4 inches per year, and has the ability to store nutrients for use in the following spring when leaves need them to grow.