The long bill of the 'i'iwi assists it to extract nectar from the flowers of the Hawaiian lobelioids, which have decurved corollas. Since 1902, the lobelioid population has declined dramatically, and the diet of the 'i'iwi shifted to nectar from the blossoms of '?hi'a lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha) trees. 'I'iwi also eat small arthropods.