The mountain bluebird was formally described in 1798 by the German naturalist, Johann Matthäus Bechstein, and given the name Motacilla s. Sylvia currucoides.[4][5] The specific epithet combines curruca, from Carl Linnaeus's binomial name ,Motacilla curruca, for the lesser whitethroat with the Ancient Greek -oidēs meaning "resembling".[6] The mountain bluebird is now placed with the two other bluebirds in the genus Sialia that was introduced by the English naturalist William John Swainson in 1827.[7][8] The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.[8]